Different Types of Heat Transfer Paper and How They Work

The heat transfer paper method is most often used in customizing apparel like T-shirts, hats, and fabrics. It is one of the cheapest, fastest, and possibly the most versatile techniques of ‘transferring’ images to fabrics using heat, pressure, and time. So whether this is your first time getting into t-shirt printing or you just wish to explore the different heat transfer paper types, it is important to know how each one of them works to ensure the optimum result for your projects. Now let us consider a brief analysis of the various types and how they work by transferring the heat.

Types of Heat Transfer Paper

Inkjet Heat Transfer Paper

Inkjet Heat Transfer Paper is probably the most widely applicable of all the heat transfer paper types out there. It is suitable for use with inkjet printers and hence is currently easily available for home and business use.

• How it Works: You print your design onto the paper using an inkjet printer. Once printed, the design can be transferred to a fabric by applying heat from a heat press or household iron. Inkjet heat transfer paper typically works best on light-colored fabrics, as the ink does not completely cover darker backgrounds.
• Pros: Affordable, accessible, and simple to use.
• Cons: Works best on light fabrics, and designs may fade over time after multiple washes.

Laser Heat Transfer Paper

Laser heat transfer paper is another option that is made for laser printers instead of inkjet printers. It provides a high-quality finish and is suitable for more professional applications.

• How it Works: Designs are printed onto laser heat transfer paper using a laser printer. Similar to inkjet paper, the printed image is transferred to fabric using a heat press or iron. Laser heat transfer paper is suitable for light and dark fabrics, depending on the type used.
• Pros: Works well on various fabric colors, high-quality finish, durable.
• Cons: More expensive than inkjet transfer paper, requires a laser printer.

Trim-Free Heat Transfer Paper

Trim-free heat transfer paper eliminates the need to cut or trim around your design, making the process faster and more efficient. It’s commonly used for transferring text or logos where only the printed area transfers to the fabric.

• How it Works: The design is printed using a laser printer onto the trim-free heat transfer paper. During the transfer process, only the toner areas of the design adhere to the fabric, leaving no excess background. This makes it ideal for intricate designs or text where precision is key.
• Pros: No need for trimming, fast application, clean transfer without excess material.
• Cons: May not be suitable for all types of designs or fabrics, works best with text or simple logos.

Sublimation Heat Transfer Paper

Sublimation paper is commonly used in commercial applications and is a bit more advanced compared to other types of heat transfer paper. It’s ideal for synthetic fabrics and polyester blends.

• How it Works: Sublimation involves converting solid ink into a gas, which bonds with the fabric when heated. Designs are printed using sublimation ink onto sublimation heat transfer paper and then transferred to the fabric using a heat press. Sublimation only works on polyester or polymer-coated surfaces.
• Pros: Permanent, vibrant, and durable designs that do not fade easily.
• Cons: Only works on light-colored polyester fabrics or items with a polyester coating.

Tips for Using Heat Transfer Paper

Heat transfer paper is an excellent tool for customizing clothing, bags, and other fabrics. However, like any technique, it requires proper care and attention to achieve professional results. Below are some tips to help you get the most out of heat transfer paper.

• Choose the Right Paper for Your Fabric: Always use the appropriate type of heat transfer paper for your specific fabric. For instance, inkjet paper is best for cotton or poly-cotton blends, while sublimation paper works best on polyester fabrics. Using the wrong paper can result in faded or poor-quality transfers.
• Pre-Wash Your Fabric: Pre-washing your fabric removes any chemicals or residues that might interfere with the heat transfer process. It also ensures that any shrinkage happens before you apply your design, preventing distortion of the image later.
• Set the Right Heat and Time: The temperature and time required for pressing vary depending on the type of heat transfer paper you use. Always follow the manufacturer’s guidelines. Too much heat or pressing for too long can cause the image to scorch, while too little heat can lead to poor adhesion.
• Use a Heat Press (If Possible): While a household iron works, using a heat press provides more consistent pressure and heat distribution, ensuring better transfer quality. If you’re serious about making custom t-shirts or other items, investing in a heat press is worthwhile.
• Press on a Flat, Hard Surface: For best results, always press your design on a hard, flat surface. Avoid ironing boards, as they may be too soft and uneven, leading to patchy transfers. Instead, use a solid table or surface to ensure consistent pressure.
• Remove the Paper Carefully: After applying heat, let the transfer cool slightly before peeling the backing paper off. Check whether the paper requires a hot peel (removed immediately) or cold peel (wait until fully cooled), as removing it too soon or too late can ruin the design.
• Wash Inside Out: To preserve the quality of your heat transfer designs, wash garments inside out in cold water. Avoid using fabric softeners or bleach, and always air dry or use a low-heat setting in the dryer.

Troubleshooting Common Issues with Heat Transfer Paper

Even with the best preparation, things can sometimes go wrong. Here’s how to fix common problems:

Design Fading After Washing

• Cause: Poor adhesion or low-quality transfer paper.
• Solution: Make sure you’re using high-quality transfer paper suitable for the fabric. Increase the heat or pressing time slightly for a stronger bond and always follow washing instructions (e.g., washing inside out and in cold water).

Transfer Cracking

• Cause: Excessive pressure or incorrect paper for stretchy fabrics.
• Solution: Use stretch heat transfer paper for elastic fabrics like sportswear, and be careful not to press with too much pressure. Ensuring the correct temperature setting can also prevent cracking.

Transfer Peeling Off

• Cause: Insufficient heat or pressure during the transfer process.
• Solution: Check that your heat press or iron is set to the correct temperature and apply firm pressure for the recommended time. Ensure that the surface you’re pressing on is solid and flat.

Discoloration Around the Edges of the Design

• Cause: Overheating or using a heat press for too long.
• Solution: Adjust your heat settings to avoid scorching. Lower the temperature or reduce the press time to prevent discoloration around the edges.

Paper Sticking to the Fabric

• Cause: Improper peeling technique or too much heat.
• Solution: Pay attention to whether the transfer requires a hot or cold peel. Ensure you’re peeling the paper according to the instructions, and avoid overheating the transfer during the process.

Design Not Vibrant Enough

• Cause: Using the wrong type of paper for dark fabrics or improper heat settings.
• Solution: For dark fabrics, make sure you’re using dark transfer paper, which includes a white background layer for vivid colors. Double-check your heat press settings to ensure you’re providing the right amount of heat and pressure.

Conclusion

Using heat transfer paper is a fantastic way to personalize clothing, accessories, and more. With the right preparation, tools, and technique, you can achieve professional-looking results. At BDF Graphics, where we sell high-quality heat transfer paper, we understand the importance of choosing the correct type for your project. By following application tips and addressing common issues through troubleshooting, you’ll ensure that your custom designs are long-lasting and vibrant. With practice and patience, you can create stunning and durable transfers that stand the test of time.

Get in touch with BDF Graphics today for a chance to avail the best heat transfer paper for your next project and let us help you execute your visions!